This is an advanced course which will focus on the definition, understanding and meaning of the sacred landscape in an archaeological context. It will be concerned with the interpretation of sites and monuments, their placement, orientation, architecture, decoration, ornamentation and symbolism, and their archaeology as platforms, pyramids, tombs, plazas, enclosures and offerings, as well as natural features, such as mountains, rivers, lakes, springs, cliffs, caves, islands and trees, their shape, arrangement and colour, which may or may not have been humanly modified and which make up that landscape. It will examine the framework of landscape perception and will consider various elements, seemingly cross-cultural in nature, such as the creation of the world and the origins of a particular cultural group, as well as its identity and world view. It shall look at the definition and symbolism of the centre, the parallelism between the macrocosmos and the microcosmos, and the definition of the edge of the known, or cultural, world. Importantly, it shall consider site location as well as how can the site be seen from afar and what can be seen from a site, i.e. views and vistas, in an analysis of its geomancy, or feng-shui. It will also evaluate the importance of myths and legends in defining sacred space and the enactment of rituals and ceremonies, and border perambulations and conflict, such as ritualised battles, to confirm it. The question of time, the calendar, and its measurement, including the importance of astronomical observation, will be examined. However it is not simply a question of studying particular elements, such as astronomy, architecture or sacred mountains, to create a separate concept of landscape but to establish an integrated approach in which the everyday and the sacred are interwoven. It will be confined to the archaeological record of complex societies, such as Inka Peru,  Aztec Mexico or Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age Britain.